《長部經典》第二 Sāmaññaphalasutta 沙門果經 (DN 2)
第五品 尼乾子言論 Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputtavādo
☆ Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputta 尼乾陀若提子 ➾ 「尼乾陀」是離繫之意，「若提」從母而得名，耆那教創始人 ➾ 作業論者，不知因、而顛倒果，主張『四種防護禁戒，制定苦行，施以三罰──身罰、口罰、意罰，以消除、償還宿世罪業。』（屬業報常見，如：業感緣起） ～《中部經典‧Upālisutta 優波離經》(MN 56)
（二十七） 176. “Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ;
大德！一時，我詣訪尼乾子。
"Another time I approached Nigantha Nataputta and,
upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhena nāṭaputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ.
詣已，與彼尼乾子互相問候友誼之語後，坐於一面。
on arrival, exchanged courteous greetings with him. After an exchange of friendly greetings and courtesies, I sat to one side.
Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ –
坐於一面已，我如此言彼曰：
As I was sitting there I asked him:
‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho aggivessana, puthusippāyatanāni…
『尼乾子！世間有種種技能職業者，如：
'Venerable Aggivessana, there are these common craftsmen...
… pe…
「① 調象師、② 調馬師、③ 車術師、④ 弓術師、⑤ 軍旗手、⑥ 元帥、⑦ 伙食兵、⑧ 高級武官、⑨王子、⑩ 突擊隊、⑪ 象力士、⑫ 裝甲兵、⑬ 奴隸出身者、⑭ 廚師、⑮ 理髮師、⑯ 助浴者、⑰ 製果者、⑱ 作花環者、⑲ 染工、⑳ 織師、㉑ 製籠者、㉒ 陶師、㉓ 會計師、㉔ 製印師。如是世間所知，種種技能職業者。」彼等於現世，享受技能職業之成果，以令自己安樂幸福，令父母安樂幸福，令妻子安樂幸福，令朋友安樂幸福。以此，向沙門、梵行者行佈施，得尊勝天界安穩之福報。
... They live off the fruits of their crafts, visible in the here and now...
sakkā nu kho, bho aggivessana, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetun’ti?
尼乾子！但，是否可能？如實得見沙門修行之現世果報？』
Is it possible, venerable sir, to point out a similar fruit of the contemplative life, visible in the here and now?'
（二十八） 177. “Evaṃ vutte, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto maṃ etadavoca –
大德！如是問時，尼乾子，如此言我曰：
"When this was said, Nigantha Nataputta said to me,
‘idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti.
『大王！尼乾子離繫者，認為：想要解脫繫縛，必須實踐四種防護禁戒，以便達到四個重要階位。
'Great king, there is the case where the Nigantha -- the knotless one -- is restrained with the fourfold restraint.
Kathañca, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti?
大王！尼乾子，如何實踐這四種防護禁戒呢？
And how is the Nigantha restrained with the fourfold restraint?
Idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho sabbavārivārito ca hoti,
⑴ 在此，大王！尼乾子：『避免一切機會，以防止罪業；
There is the case where the Nigantha is obstructed by all waters,
sabbavāriyutto ca,
⑵ 規範一切機會，以解脫罪業；
conjoined with all waters,
sabbavāridhuto ca,
⑶ 擺脫一切機會，以消除罪業；
cleansed with all waters,
sabbavāriphuṭo ca.
⑷ 圓滿一切機會，以達到莊嚴生命之崇高頂點。』
suffused with all waters.
Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti.
大王！這樣，尼乾子離繫者，努力實踐這四種防護禁戒。
This is how the Nigantha is restrained with the fourfold restraint.
Yato kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho evaṃ cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti; ayaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho [nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto (syā. ka.)] gatatto ca yatatto ca ṭhitatto cā’ti.
大王！所以，尼乾子完成這四種防護禁戒以後，他就被稱為：證得最高「自我」，「自我」修行圓滿，獲得「自我」永恆和不朽。』
When the Nigantha -- a knotless one -- is restrained with such a fourfold restraint, he is said to be a Knotless One (Nigantha), a son of Nata (Nataputta), with his self perfected, his self controlled, his self established.'
（二十九） 178. “Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi.
如是，大德！我實問：『得見沙門修行之現世果報？』尼乾子，而答以：『四種防護禁戒！』
"Thus, when asked about a fruit of the contemplative life, visible here and now, Nigantha Nataputta answered with fourfold restraint.
Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya,
大德！猶如，問芒果樹之果實，而答以麵包樹果；
Just as if a person, when asked about a mango, were to answer with a breadfruit;
labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya;
問麵包樹之果實，而答以芒果樹果。
or, when asked about a breadfruit, were to answer with a mango:
evameva kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi.
但是，大德！我實問：『得見沙門修行之現世果報？』尼乾子，而答以：『四種防護禁戒！』
In the same way, when asked about a fruit of the contemplative life, visible here and now, Nigantha Nataputta answered with fourfold restraint.
Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi –
然，大德！我生起如此之想念：
The thought occurred to me:
‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti.
『實如餘者，對住我領內之沙門、梵行者，如此令人不悅，我應作何感想？』
'How can anyone like me think of disparaging a priest or contemplative living in his realm?'
So kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ.
大德！是故我對彼之言說，不稱讚亦不呵責。
Yet I neither delighted in Nigantha Nataputta's words nor did I protest against them.
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
不稱讚亦不呵責，而我內心甚抱不滿，不發任何不滿之言，平靜聽彼所說，不敬重此，起座而出。
Neither delighting nor protesting, I was dissatisfied. Without expressing dissatisfaction, without accepting his teaching, without adopting it, I got up from my seat and left.
